Grotesque In The Story - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 1 Words: 417 Downloads: 3 Date added: 2017/09/25 Category Advertising Essay Type Narrative essay Tags: Marriage Essay Did you like this example? In the story, â€Å"The Life You Save Might Be Your Own† to be grotesque means that you’re disgusting, bizarre and twisted. It also has to do with an obsession. The character that is the most grotesque is Mr. Tom T. Shiftlet, the drifter. Mr. Tom’s words that make him grotesque are that he says â€Å"People do anything† and â€Å"People don’t care how they lie†. Actions that make him grotesque are that he only marries Lucynell for the money and car, basically he used her. Also the first thing he mentions when he first gets to the Craters house is the car. Another action that makes him grotesque is that he was at The Hot Spot with Lucynell, went for a drive and never came back for her. This makes him grotesque because he left a mentally challenged girl by herself far away from home stranded, so basically she’s stuck there. Mr. Tom’s appearance makes him look more grotesque than the other characters. His appearance cons ists of him missing half of his left arm, gaunt figure, long black hair, dirty, big jaw and forehead. This makes him grotesque because it makes him look scary and frightening. He just looks bizarre. Nobody tries to approach him or anything because of his scary looking appearance. He just overall looks grotesque and ugly. Another factor that makes Mr. Tom grotesque is what other characters also say about him. What the other characters think about Tom is that people such as Mrs. Crater, say that he’s a tramp, drifter and bum. These words can make anybody seem grotesque. Whenever the word bum or tramp is thought about, us as humans think of somebody as being nasty, disgusting and just don’t want to get near them. They’re basically thought of as grotesque because of the way they live and appear. Mr. Tom T. Shiftlet made many bad actions. Some things that he should have done was not get married to Lucynell just for the car and money, he should have said no beca use he already knew what his intentions were. He also shouldn’t have left Lucynell at The Hot Spot by herself with any help to get home. He should have at least had the decency to leave her home, then leave by himself and make up some lie as to when he’s going to come back, if he does. Overall Mr. Tom should have acted more mature and honest with the Craters. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Grotesque In The Story" essay for you Create order

Understanding The Workforce Outcomes Of Education

A college degree is something that can positively shape an individual who is willing to put the effort into obtaining one. By getting an education, people are able to acquire better jobs and make better decisions in life. In â€Å"Understanding the Workforce Outcomes of Education,† Christopher Mullin says, â€Å"It is well documented that attaining higher levels of education beyond high school benefits both the individual and society† (75). It is important for me to contribute not only to my own personal wealth, but also to the economic growth of society. My college education is valuable to me because it is the key to my successful future. With a bachelor’s degree in information technology, I will be able to achieve the goals I have for my future†¦show more content†¦A college education is important to me because it provides the knowledge and experiences that are necessary for me to accomplish my career goals in the field of information technology. The field of IT is progressing fast, and it is an important job in serving the technological needs of society. Humans are dependent on technology because it helps accomplish things that could otherwise not be done. It is always present in everyday life, and IT professionals are necessary to support the technology that everyone relies on. People go to IT professionals to fix their computers, create programs and apps, and maintain network connections. Without people who are skilled in this field, there is no doubt that computers and other technologies would be a struggle to use. If there is a lack of knowledge with how IT systems work, then it could affect society negatively because the world is driven by technological connections. It is an important field of study for colleges to offer, because information technology helps advance society. Technology has evolved for hundreds of years, and has always had a role in changing human lives. In the article, â€Å"Evolving Information Techno logy: Opportunities and Challenges,† author Ayub Shirandula says, â€Å"The effects of technology change are felt by all human beings. Every day people are reminded that they are living in the information age† (6002). Society has a dependence

Child Beauty Pageants Free Essays

Child Beauty Pageants While beauty pageants started in the 1920’s, children’s beauty pageants began in the 1960’s. This is when the predicament all began. Equally important is the definition of child abuse. We will write a custom essay sample on Child Beauty Pageants or any similar topic only for you Order Now It is defined as the exploitation of a child. Children in beauty pageants are exploited at a very over powering rate. Since there is so much exploitation, it should be considered child abuse. Due to parental involvement, children participate in pageants that damage them physically, mentally, and emotionally, prohibiting them from appropriately socializing in society. Before and during beauty pageants, there are many preparations that happen. Before the beauty pageants, the children’s parents get them tans and flippers which are a type of falsified teeth. After that, the parents either wax or even clear up any imperfections they may have like wrinkles, bushy eyebrows, and/or messed up hair. At the pageants, the girls get covered with make-up in the hopes of hiding any imperfections the child may have. The child is then dressed in whatever attire they are required to wear. For example: dresses, swimsuits, formal attire, and/or casual. After that, the girls will model their attire to the judges. Pageants will continue on into the talent portion in which the children will show their talents to judges. The talents vary from dance routines to karaoke, or even simply doing a catwalk. Child beauty pageants only judge based on looks and pure perfection. There are many damages that those requirements put on children. These requirements at times go as far to making five to six year olds look like sixteen to twenty year olds (Grosaru). The children are made to look more mature than what they are. Writer Frank Rich says â€Å"Today the merchandising of children as sexual commodities is ubiquitous and big business. † Referring to this statement, this shows that it also makes it easier for them to be made susceptible to pedophiles, eventually at times ending with the child being harmed physically by one of those men or women. Other than being subjected to that type of danger, the children are also subjected to cosmetic damages as well. Botox is one of the common cosmetic tools used. This is used to make the children appear â€Å"perfect† with no marks or any types of imperfections. One mother Kerry Campbell gave her eight year old daughter Botox and her excuses for giving her daughter this drug was one to give her a head start in pageants and second because all the other moms were doing it (Thompson). Many mothers like Kerry Campbell may be doing this type of abuse to their children because simply they want their child to be ahead in the pageants. Injecting a child with a dangerous chemical just to get a ahead in a child beauty pageant is a clear example of child abuse. The mental afflictions that the pageants cause to the children are numerous. Pageant mothers begin to create anxiety by the continuous moving from hotel to hotel. This keeps the child from having a normal home. In addition to this, there is no time for the children to socialize with friends in their own hometowns. They are not able to socialize with society at large. Now some of pageant parents argue that their children are able to make friends when they’re participating in the pageants. This is false and quickly disproven when the children are given the infamous speech of â€Å"no other girl is your friend here. † This speech begins to create paranoia about ever making friends or socializing with peers of their age (Grosaru). Other than creating anxiety and paranoia, there is also self destruction of self-image because they are made to think their body must be a certain way and their hair. This is called being â€Å"A little Barbie† (Nusseara). Mothers also can cause confusion within the child because of the beauty pageants. Mothers who had only boys try to make their boys into girls by making them participate in pageants. This causes the child to have confusion about their sexuality and this should not be done to a child. Such gender confusion and lack of self esteem in the name of a pageant are s clear signs of child abuse on the part of the parent. The parent should help the child to build their self esteem and not tear it down. There is a type of Darwinism that is incorporated in these pageants which is the fear the parents have of their children being losers (Giroux). Psychologist David Elkind says, â€Å"Parents use to be worried about if their children were good at school, but now they are only worried if their child are so called losers at school. † Parents create this emotional destruction within the children. The children begin to fear of becoming losers or disappointments to their parents so they are continuously rehearsing how to be perfect every day. In these pageants, the moms try to relive their own fantasy of what they once used to do or what they never got to experience themselves (Grosaru). This is abuse as the parents are only entering the child in the pageant for their selfish need to relive a glory day. The mothers go as far as lying about their child’s age to give them an advantage in the competition. This begins to make the child feel guilty about lying afflicting the emotional impairment to the child. In the 1960’s, children’s beauty pageants were created on the intention of showing off the innocence of children; when in reality it was use to exploit the children and make a profit off of them by making them dress inappropriately and not advocating their well being. This exploitation of the children is pure child abuse and nothing else. The children of these parents should be taken away for their safety. Laws or regulations should be made to insure the well-being of the children. Children who participate in beauty pageants all suffer physical, mental, and emotional damage; which keeps them from appropriately socializing in society and developing normally. How to cite Child Beauty Pageants, Essay examples Child Beauty Pageants Free Essays A child’s world is fresh and new and beautiful, full of wonder and excitement. It is our misfortune that for most of us that clear-eyed vision, that true instinct for what is beautiful and awe-inspiring, is dimmed and even lost before we reach adulthood. ~ Rachel Carson The year was 1920. We will write a custom essay sample on Child Beauty Pageants or any similar topic only for you Order Now The First World War ended and the women’s movement began to take off. 1920 also marked the first year of the American beauty pageant. This was a groundbreaking year, as women from all over the United States were given the opportunity to show their talent, outer beauty and inner intelligence. Little did our country know, that 40 years later, children as young as 10 months old would be competing in beauty pageants. 1960 marked the first child beauty pageant in America and started a major American trend. Since the tragic death of JonBenet Ramsey in 1996, child beauty pageants have been a hot topic of debate. Ramsey’s death opened a new door to the skepticism of beauty pageants by allowing the media into the world of child beauty pageants through more curious eyes. These eyes began to see beauty pageants as a threat to children and their safety; being exposed to the world at such a young age with a made-up face of inappropriate maturity (Buzzle, par. 1). Destruction of the child’s self esteem and constant attentiveness to appearance are major cons that continue to grow. Cons of unremarkable expenses, loss of educational interest and loss of innocence also remain, strengthening the fact that beauty pageants are harmful to children who compete in them. A child’s self-esteem is a fragile element. Advocates for child pageants believe beauty pageants boost children’s self-esteem by the attention they receive for being dolled up, dancing and singing and winning awards for placing higher than the other children. But as fast as self-esteem can be built up by a sentence of praise or a trophy, it can be just as easily shut down by not being good enough for someone else and losing. The amount of pressure put on children to excel in a pageant is astounding. When the child has outside pressure of excelling and winning a pageant, the effects of a loss are damaging. Children become easily frustrated at such a young age and often cannot understand why the massive amount of pressure was put upon them for no reason. The main focus of winning that the parents stress on their child is unnecessary and unhealthy to the child’s mind. A healthier alternative to building a child’s self-esteem would be to enroll he or she in a community team sport. Youth sports give children the chance to participate and earn a sense accomplishment without being let down under pressure. Although child beauty pageants contest to specific age ranges, the judging is no different than the Miss America Pageant. Child beauty pageants consist of modeling sportswear, evening attire, dance and talent. The children are judged based on individuality in looks, capability, poise, perfection and confidence. As the judges call it, â€Å"the complete package† (Minorcon, par. 3). Children are constantly exposed to the newest hair extensions, longest-lasting make-up and latest clothing lines all in effort to beat out their fellow three-year old. These pageants are preparing young children for their teen and adult years at too early of an age. Child beauty pageants play a uniquely powerful role in defining what is attractive in our society by ranking and awarding the physical attractiveness of children. This constant reminder of putting hair and make-up above all else is disturbing and forces children to be concerned with superficial issues that have no long-term value. With cosmetic innovations being created and perfected, radical pageant parents have gone to great lengths to perfect their child. â€Å"When some of the children lost baby teeth that had not been replaced by pageant time, their parents fit them with false teeth. When a girl’s hair was too short to curl like Barbie’s, fake additions were fitted† (Harvard, par. 8-9). These â€Å"fixes† cost thousands of dollars that could be put toward a more beneficial and long-term career. Not only are the cosmetic alterations breaking the banks of these parents, but the additional pageant costs are making a dent in their wallets too. â€Å"There is a minimum cost of $545 to enter the pageant, which covers basic entry fees. Another $395 is needed for the maximum options of this pageant,† (Minorcon, par. 3). These â€Å"maximum options† might include staple clothing, such as tights or tank tops. All additional clothing, including sportswear, eveningwear, talent clothing, not to mention the â€Å"must have† accessories, is up to the parents to pick from the money tree in the back yard. This money should not be spent on pre-maturely advancing a child’s appearance, but should be saved for activities such as youth sports, or better yet a college fund! Several studies have been done on child beauty pageant contestants to seek out their experiences and thoughts rather than their parents’. Researchers are curious especially concerning contestants’ thoughts on further education. The real concern should be on future education needs; all of the girls aged eight to ten interviewed by A Network were not concerned with further education† (Par. 4). Many pageant girls have false aspirations of becoming a model, and while aspirations are crucial for any child, the dreams of becoming a model are slim to none after coming out of the child pageant life. Althou gh education is not necessarily effected at that present moment, the participating children do not plan ahead based on their mind and intelligence they will gain by attending school, but rather on their appearances. Lastly, the loss of innocence from these beauty pageants is devastating. Fake plastic smiles, false eyelashes and polished appearance spoil a child’s innocence. Children grow up to think that the only way to earn money is through exploitation of their bodies, which is not true. These children are the future of our world. A child’s growing years are important as they form the foundation for the development of body and mind. Childhood is the time for them to play, not learn poise. It’s the time for them to be mischievous and not polished. It’s the time for them to do well in academics and not exhibit their bodies. Children are more beautiful covered in mud than when covered in make-up. Works Cited The Whys and Woes of Beauty Pageants. 08 June 2000. Harvard. edu. 08 February 2010. Child Beauty Pageants. 12 January 2010. Buzzle. com. 08 February 2010. Beauty Pageants do More Harm Than Good. 16 December 2007. Debate. org. 07 February 2010. Beauty Pageants: Good, Bad, or Plain Ugly. 06 March 2004. Buzzle. com. 07 February 2010. How to cite Child Beauty Pageants, Essay examples Child Beauty Pageants Free Essays string(27) " what is really happening\." Beauty Pageants: From the Title of Mini Supreme to America’s Next Top Model English 106 Cassie Robinson 3 Otober 2012 Abstract Beauty pageants have changed drastically in the past fifty years. Beauty pageants used to be all adult females who dressed in their Sunday best and walked on the catwalk at the county fair. Now, little children are decked out in glitzy outfits, have wigs that make their hair twice as long, and have teeth to make it seem like their baby teeth haven’t fallen out yet. We will write a custom essay sample on Child Beauty Pageants or any similar topic only for you Order Now In this literature review, I reviewed different articles, some against child beauty pageants and some that showed a firsthand look into the beauty pageants. Based on the reviews, I have made a decision as to whether child beauty pageants are good for those involved or not. Hundreds wait in silence as the announcer walks to the stage. â€Å"And the first place award goes to†¦Ã¢â‚¬  The pause is added for dramatic effect, as if these parents and children need any more drama in their lives. Hair is pulled, tears are shed, and crowns are won. This is just another typical weekend for those in the pageant world. The views of beauty pageants have drastically changed within the past decade. Some think pageants are used to exploit little children and are a way for mothers to live vicariously through their daughters who are winning crowns and money. Others believe they are just a more drastic way for their children to play dress up and win money while doing it. The six articles chosen for this literature review will discuss one side of the argument. Something eye-catching in the article, â€Å"Toddlers in Tiaras,† written by Skip Hollandsworth in 2011 was the line, â€Å"And you know what I hate? All these years later, I’ve still got this anxiety about feeling like I have to be perfect† (Hollandsworth, 2011). This is how Brooke Breedwell feels about pageants now, after being a pageant queen from age three months to eight years old. After telling her mother she wanted to quit pageants and emphasizing it by throwing a curling iron at her, Breedwell finally gave up the lavish pageant life due to stress. Even as an eight year old, the stress was too much to handle. â€Å"The promise of a tiara has always been a fast, easy sell to young girls who pine to be princesses,† (Hollandsworth, 2011) which is something all girls and their mothers want. In order to win that crown, there are many time consuming tasks that must be done before the pageant. There are layers of makeup to be put on, eyebrows to be waxed, natural hair and fake wigs to be curled, fingernails to be manicured, bronzer to be applied to arms and legs, dresses to be sewn, and dances and routines to be learned. It is enough to stress any eight year old out. After all of this work and stress, it would be downright heartbreaking to find that someone else has beaten you for the title of Grand Supreme. This article is different from the others I chose to include in my literature review in the sense that it discusses not only the stresses that pageant girls go through, but also some of the legal situations that have been brought about thanks to the pageant world. JonBenet Ramsey is a name that is famous all around the world. The six-year-old pageant beauty who would have gone on to be the next Marilyn Monroe who was found murdered in her home on Christmas morning. For a couple months afterwards, pageants seemed taboo, but then, even in the wake of JonBenet’s murder, pageants became even more famous. Little girls are being trained to dance provocatively and blow kisses at their judges from a young age and these videos end up online and even on TV. These videos are made to be public so others can see the awards and crowns the little girls win and anyone, including pedophiles, can access them. On TV, the shows not only give the names of these children, but they also tell you what towns these little girls live in,† (Hollandsworth, 2011) which would give these pedophiles easy access to track down the little girls. This would not be hard to do with the way our society is turning to technology. One article, â€Å"Is the Media to Blame for Child Sex Victims,† written by Mark Davidson in 1997, discusses the media’s association with beauty pageants even further. Americans support multi-million dollar activities that exploit children and promote the provocativeness of them, such as beauty pageants. Beauty pageants, â€Å"commercially flaunt kids’ bodies, often converting preteen and preschool girls into sex puppets adorned with lipstick, mascara, false eyelashes, bleached hair, high heels, and satin-and-rhinestone gowns and professionally coached in showgirl postures and movements,† (Davidson, 1997) which leads to controversial topics like the 1996 sexual molestation and murder of JonBenet Ramsey. There are many movies, such as â€Å"Lolita† and â€Å"Pretty Baby,† that portray young girls as being involved in sexual situations with older men. This leads to young girls growing up to believe this is acceptable. What makes this article different is that it does not revolve around beauty pageants, but around the media and its involvement in child pornography and exploitation of girls at a young age. Hollywood and the likes, â€Å"engage in massive pimping for child temptresses,† (Davidson, 1997) which intrigues young minds and makes them believe that since it is accepted in media, it is accepted in everyday society. Only after JonBenet had been murdered did the media look for moral guidance to see if what it was displaying was appropriate. A little girl who had not even started kindergarten had to be murdered before the media questioned their morals. The press argues that, â€Å"the tiny contestants really want to participate, as if they are capable of giving informed consent to their own victimization,† (Davidson, 1997), when in all actuality, the children have no concept of what is really happening. You read "Child Beauty Pageants" in category "Essay examples" My next article, â€Å"Toddlers and Tiaras TOO MUCH TOO SOON? written by Charlotte Triggs in 2011, is a continuation of the stresses of being in the pageant world. It is not only stressful on the children, who are the main event of the pageants, but also on the parents. These parents put their children through the pageants and shell out the money for entrance fees, homemade dresses and flippers, which are fake teeth for the girls who are losing their baby teeth. â€Å"You’re never going to win that money back, even if they win every weekend,† (Triggs, West, Aradillas, 2011) said one mother about the pageant life. So, if there are no perks of being in pageants other than seeing their daughters win crowns, why do the mothers go through the stress and lose money to pageants? The same mother then went on to say, â€Å"But you’ve got to do it because your kid loves and excels at it and it’s something you enjoy as a family,† (Triggs, West, Aradillas, 2011). So if families are happy watching their children in pageants, then they are more than willing to put up with the stress. In addition to the stresses of ageantry and reasons for participating, things such as the confusing life moments and the decisions pageant girls go through are discussed in the article. While most girls their age are out playing with Barbies with their friends, these girls are dressed as Barbie and have a twisted view of how they should look. â€Å"Little girls should play with dolls, not be dolls,† (Triggs, West, Aradillas, 2011) said a New York-based clinical social worker. The girls are being dre ssed in outfits that are more suited for a stripper than a preschooler, and it can have a negative effect on them in the long run. The girls grow up being obsessed with their appearance and may look into different ways to keep up the appearances they once had, such as plastic surgery or eating disorders. These factors will affect the young girls before they are even in high school. The next article, â€Å"Pretty Babies,† written by Rosemary Ellis in 2011, discusses the way the author viewed beauty pageants when she was younger compared to how she views them now, as an adult. When Ellis was younger, beauty pageants were only seen at the county fair, which came only once a year, in the month of August. The fair itself was a magical time for Ellis, not to mention getting to see girls ranging from elementary to college age walk across a stage in their Sunday best and giving the judges their best smile. Today, the adult pageants are overlooked and, â€Å"the Miss America pageant has become so irrelevant that it lets ABC air the show for free,† (Ellis, 2011) because of the recent explosion of pageants for little girls. There are more than five thousand of these pageants across the country. This article differentiates from the rest in the sense that the author compared the pageants known in her childhood to the pageants that are shown now. In the pageants now, the girls are spray-tanned and covered in makeup, and the studio pictures they take before pageants are edited so much that one would not be able to recognize the little girl if she walked up to them on a sidewalk. Ellis goes on to examine the outfits the little girls are wearing now, seeing clothing that, â€Å"gathers to suggest a bust and has slogans across the chest or rear that are more suited to a stripper than a first grader,† (Ellis, 2009). These clothes send out provocative messages not only to girls in the pageant world, but also to all little girls who see the clothing and get used to it at a young age. Most people only see the mother/ daughter side of pageantry, never the father/ daughter side of it, which my next article, â€Å"Father Knows Glitz,† written by Joey Bartolomeo in 2010, discusses. Dads who are involved in pageants are not only single dads or gay dads; they are also just everyday, hard-working dads who love to see their daughters happy when they win an award. Not only are there soccer and football dads, but there are now pageant dads. Not all of them are dragged into it, either. Some, like Lon Enos, a tattooed, burly man, like being the pageant dad just because â€Å"It’s fun and it’s cool,† (Bartolomeo, 2010), an opinion that would differ from the quintessential man in America who watches football or baseball on the weekends instead of competing in pageants with his daughters. Compared to the other articles, this one stands out because it gives a firsthand view from a pageant dad, rather than the typical pageant mom. Compared to pageant moms who tend to try to live vicariously through their daughters, the dads are usually more relaxed and laid back although some can be intense. Even things such as making a dress, â€Å"I’m not spending $6,000 for a dress when it takes me three hours to make one,† (Bartolomeo, 2010) or building a new shelf for crowns and sashes become jobs for a pageant dad to do. The braver of the pageant dads will even get up on stage with their daughters and help them with their routines. â€Å"There will be enough time for them to be women. For now, let’s just allow them to be little girls,† is a quote from Staceyann Chin in her article, â€Å"Beauty and the Boob Tube,† written in 2009. Chin came across the show â€Å"Toddlers in Tiaras† while procrastinating on a project she was working on. Much to her dismay, she was drawn in to the show, which reminded her, â€Å"of dog shows—tiny, powerless competitors trained to do as they are told, with trainers who exploit their charges to gain fame and fortune and live out some archaic dream they once had for themselves,† (Chin, 2009). Seeing the little girls being rewarded for their beauty made Chin feel uncomfortable because of an incident that happened when she was younger. Her grandmother’s friend would have the young Chin sit on his lap and he told her if she smiled for him, he would give her a coin. Her grandmother would always take away the coins when he left, saying, â€Å"Any money you make on your back will hurt your head,† (Chin, 2009). Many of the top ranked girls in pageants receive prizes such as checks and cash prizes, signifying being paid for looking pretty. This was after they got all dressed up, went out on stage, had their eyes, hair, and legs judged by adults, and then moved their hips in a suggestive manner. The pageant world is training the girls for a future that is not too great. Meaning, the pageant world is training them to look to others for judgment instead of trusting and believing in themselves, or that they need to look really good all the time or people will not like them. â€Å"I wanted to rush in—save these girls from an experience that would make them self-conscious about their little bellies, bottoms, and cute button noses,† (Chin, 2009) is the way most people feel while watching the show, and yet, they are hooked and cannot wait for the next episode. It is the way the media portray the drama of the show that keeps viewers like Chin attached to the show. That is what makes this article different from the rest. It discusses the media involvement in the pageant world. Along with videos of these girls being put on the Internet, shows such as â€Å"Toddlers in Tiaras† and â€Å"Honey Boo Boo† which exploit the girls at a young age are also televised, causing the girls to live with their young pageantry for the rest of their lives, even though they may not have made the decision to participate themselves. After walking out on stage and, â€Å"dramatically ripping off a black, sheer robe to reveal a sparkly bathing suit,† (Chin, 2009) one little girl’s mother â€Å"kept trying to make her say she loved pageants and that she was a pageant girl. The toddler would not repeat either phrase,† (Chin, 2009). Has the world of pageants changed so much that the toddlers who are the bane of all existence for the pageants do not even want to say they love pageants? Most people believe children who participate in beauty pageants are at a higher risk of having psychological and body image issues when they get older. While most think the pageants are bad for children, there are those who believe the pageants are a job for the children and give them careers for later in life. Based on the articles I have read and reviewed, I conclude that child beauty pageants are not good for those involved. References Bartolomeo, J. (2010). FATHER KNOWS GLITZ. People, 74(16), 64-71. Retrievedfrom EBSCOhost. Chin, S. (2009). Beauty the Boob Tube. Advocate, (1026), 76. Retrieved fromEBSCOhost. Davidson, M. (1997, September). Is media to blame for child sex victims?. USA TodayMagazine. p. 60. Retrieved from EBSCOhost. Ellis, R. (2011). Pretty Babies. Good Housekeeping, 252(8), 21. RetrievedfromEBSCOhost. HOLLANDSWORTH, S. (2011). Toddlers in Tiaras. Good Housekeeping, 252(8), 150-194. Retrievedfrom EBSCOhost. Triggs, C. , West, K. , Aradillas, E. (2011). Toddlers Tiaras TOO MUCH TOOSOON? (Cover story). People, 76(12), 160-168. Retrievedfrom EBSCOhost. How to cite Child Beauty Pageants, Essay examples

Strategic Information System Science and Public Policy

Question: Discuss about the Strategic Information System: Science and Public Policy. Answer: Introduction: Citizens Gas Company is a public utility engaged in the distribution along with transmission of natural gas. The entity was formed in 1951 and has been in the domain for over 150 years or so. The group currently serves a host of residential, industrial and commercial consumers in the region of Australia. The organization serves its services and solutions to a host of consumers. The group has been serving natural gas servicers to a wide range of consumers the likes of, industrials, commercials and residential. The company has been in the domain for a considerable period (Ahlqvist et al. 2012). But in recent past, the company has been in somewhat doldrums. The residential consumer gas usage is in relation with that of weather. On the other hand, commercial consumer usage is dependent on the weather in partial context. The company offers a vast range of services and solutions regarding sale and distribution of gas, sales department and an array of consumer service programs which are aim ed at offering best possible services and solution to the service users by and large. The given proposition discusses organizational paraphernalia which is causing impediments in the operations of the business to some extent. The following analysis encompasses over reviewing of the existing concern and provides some insights about resolving the same. The company has included a new director in corporate planning who is at the helm of resolving the issue and devising a new information system which will aid in the analysis of demand and supply of gas. Detailed Analysis and Discussion: The given proposition states that the company has initiated a contract that of purchase of natural gas from ten pipeline organizations for five to fifteen years. The firm generates revenue from industrial consumers worth 65 million USD (Diesendorf 2016). The strength of the consumers in this segment is near about two thousand. On the other hand, the company rakes up 25 million USD from a base of thirty thousand consumer base. Concerning some contracts, the supply is in equal monthly increments, while for others, the supply is variant in accordance with the heating season. For meeting the consumer demands, gas is being pumped into the storage field when the supply surpasses the demand of the consumer. However, there are no such restrictions concerning storage of the gas barring that the field must be full at the beginning of each year. Accordingly, in the event of supply of the gas being less during the year than that of the required amount CGS curtails its operations to industrial cl ients. It must be noted in the perspective that restrictions imposed on the industrial consumers are ought to be diligently managed to maintain the overall business prospects (Boie et al. 2014). But the factual reality is that that move propelled with a loss in sales and resulted in excess supply towards the end of the year. The top brass of the firm took stock of the predicament and inducted a new director in the Department of corporate planning. The role of the new resource is to plan a conceptual design in the light of an information system which will enable a clear analysis of supply and demand of the fuel to respective divisions. The system as devised by the corporate planner aims to create a monthly plan in keeping with a five-year roadmap. However, it is to be considered that the emphasis should be on the first year to begin with. The plan entails over a detailed report that would assist in the decision-making process of the management. The forthcoming system aims to use actual data during the entire year of the project. The beneath discussion highlights about various criterion that the firm may mull over for specification and identification of the structure and systems of the companys new system to negate the current predicament (Yeo and Yee 2014). Criteria for consideration of CGCs new system: At the outset, it is important to note that CGS is in need for a suitable and appropriate strategy in place that would aim to explore the nuances of criteria for bettering the business operations of the firm. The diverse elements concerning the criteria in the light of the development of CGSs new system are elucidated below. Market Information: The features that are responsible for impacting the supply and demand for gas must be isolated. The management needs to assess the market conditions in the first place. The firm has been offering premium services and products to a host of consumers ranging from industrials, domestic households, and residential consumers. Hence, the firm should strive to accumulate as much as exhaustive information possible about the market conditions where the firm operates. It is also to be seen that the effect of such move is quantified. The management should determine the relative importance of the assessment and diligently weigh the options which should aid the firm to make strategies in making inroads into the diverse markets (Correa-Henao et al. 2013). Need for Precision: The accuracy level that is required for the system to be implemented determines the essential quality of the input data, the level of data and also erudition of the system logic. The firm should be meticulous about the accuracy in the operations. Hence, it is imperative for the firm that it creates a robust design to provide accuracy in the assessment. However, the accuracy should aim to meet the need and appropriate measures that need to be undertaken in the correct perspective. It is crucial for the management and the recent corporate planner to consider that unwarranted effort is not utilized in the process of being exceedingly accurate concerning specific areas in the light of overall accuracy being inherently less owing to planning standpoint (Tonts and Taylor 2013). Frequency of usage: The incidence of system usage offers trend and direction concerning to the level of erudition and automation required. As a matter of fact, the system is planned that aims to be used only once in a month for projection of the effect of the actual and recent data. It is also estimated for development of a less complicated system in place. The level of sophistication along with automation those are required to be implemented in the place must be devised on a frequent basis. On the other hand, it may be adequate for the development of a less sophisticated structure. If at all it is probable that a large variety of alternatives be evaluated on a monthly basis, a refined method may be more desirable and enviable (Ricard 2015). Turnaround Requirements: This element by far assumes greater importance amongst all. Turnaround refers to the proportion of results post implementation of any plan or progress. In other words, it is the total time taken between the submission of a project for execution and the return of benefits associated with the same. This period is termed as completion of a process cycle which is commonly expressed regarding average of previous times (Martin and Rice 2012). Hence, the requirement for appropriate and timely reporting at the end of a stipulated period offers assistance and regulation regarding the degree of automation along with the level of intricacy that will be appropriate in the given perspective. The factual reality is that the system would be utilized regarding multi-year planning and also on a tactical planning on a monthly basis. Therefore, it is crucial that the information system is instituted in such a manner that provides for a rapid turnaround of results and outcome at the end of the month. In accordance to that, adequate considerations must be rendered aimed to minimize the data input requirements (Pollitt 2012). Cost or Benefit Analysis: The management of CGS should weigh its chances of making an appropriate cost and benefit analysis or study. The corporate planner should take into consideration all the essential factors that are responsible for implementation of the information system in CGS. CBA is most useful when the planner is analyzing the policy to determine whether the project's total benefits exceed the costs or when alternative programs are being compared to observe which one achieves the greatest benefit to the organization (Soma et al. 2016). The major difficulty with CBA is that it is often difficult to place dollar values on all (or most) costs and benefits. On the other hand, CEA is most useful when you know the outcome you desire, and you are determining which of a set of alternative programs or projects achieves the greatest outcome for the costs. It is also useful in cases where major outcomes are either intangible or otherwise difficult to monetize. The major difficulty with CEA is that it provides no value for the output, leaving that to the subjective judgment of the policymaker. Although some deem CBA or cost-benefit analysis as a superior technique, it is sometimes complex and time-consuming. On the other hand, Cost Effective analysis may offer a proper starting point by requiring the corporate planner to spot an essential outcome and also recount the result with that of funds spent on the project in consideration (Dowd and Hobman 2013). Supportability: The resources of CGS should be able to offer support to the structure on an enduring basis. This action includes the likes of collection and input of data along with updating of the system. Having said that, depending on the support system being extreme, the structure will undergo from shortcomings of timely reporting and other measures. The system may be run by usage of simplified assumptions that may impact the extent of credibility and accuracy of the structure that would be implemented in the ranks of the organization. The flip side of it is, that if the system is unable to be readily modified and maintained, the same will degenerate in a state of collapse and may not be used further (Freeman and Hancock 2016). Data Process Management: In general, the planning system and premise would require a considerable amount of system and equipment and other relevant and appropriate resources which would be utilized in areas of data processing and also storage of valuable and indispensable data and information. Hence, it is imperative that the key personnel at the helm of affairs is well versed with system resources, the likes of computer resources, and other important equipment required in the system (Zhao et al. 2012). Data incorporation into CGS new structure: The multifarious factors those are responsible for identification of data that are required to be incorporated into the system for provision of appropriate planning facility are explained as under. Number of consumers: The count of consumers should be reflected by the means of the month or on a monthly basis. The fact of the matter, in this case, is, in keeping with the regularity of growth of consumer wherein the customer base may be used in concurrence with the factor of growth. The volume of the consumer needs to be segmented into various categories by relevant types. Such groups are estimated to assist estimation of demand, the likes of, commercial, residential or for that matter, industrial heating or industrial non-heating consumers. Here, it is important to note that consumer count exert major factor regarding identification of planning capability of the firm is concerned. Weather Information: As far as planning competence is concerned, weather data and information assume substantial importance in the regard. The detailed data relating to the weather is required for projection of heating requirements that forms an essential data for project implementation of the CGS. In the primary year, meteorological tendency or trend may specify the nature of the weather or climate prevalent in the region which may be the cold or unusually warm year. And for the subsequent year, or years to follow, an average monthly data or information may be utilized in the research. Finally, as the year in on a progression, forecasts may be made which would be of short-term and more accurate in nature. This information should be of immense help to the planner which should enable the user for improving the predictive ability of the weather conditions (Tsokhas 2016). Heating factors: This type of data is required by the concerned authority for determination of planning capability of the new information system of CGS. The heating factors are the information required for conversion of project data into consumers demand. Hence, this aspect is deemed to be an essential element in the scheme of things. They are required to be provided for specific and each type of consumer which utilizes heating in various forms and utilities. The type of consumers that may be classifies by heating factor are mainly, industrial heating, residential as well as commercial heating. Here, it is worthwhile to learn that heating factor may not vary month wise, except, it is established about the existence of a seasonal relationship or for that matter the likelihood of conversion trends (Tampakis et al. 2013). Consumer unit demand: The average consumption on a monthly basis aimed to serve both industrial and commercial purposes must be made available. This information must be available on a varying or constant basis over time, for reflection of both important dynamics that of seasonal fluctuations as well as trends and tendencies that are long term in nature. This information or data may be utilized for projection and estimation of a non-heating segment of industrial as well as commercial demand and requirements (Mohammed et al. 2014). Sales forecast: Sales forecasting is an important tool regarofding project appraisal and estimation. It is the process using which the entity predicts what the futures sales would be. The forecast is performed for a particular period usually in a fiscal year. Here, it is clear that accurate sales forecasting aids the firm for making informed business decisions (Gliedt and Hoicka 2015). Here, in this regard, the sales of the esteemed and popular industrial accounts ought to be projected by the corporate planner on a monthly basis or the basis of a five-year plan. This, in turn, will help the future years for making of annual growth rates. As a matter of fact, non-heating and heating sales for a range of consumers by the means of revenue class (Patt and Weber 2014). Consumer rate structure: Consumers Energy is a regulated utility; wherein the regulatory bodies approve all rates for electric and natural gas service provided to customers. The rates are primarily established based on regulatory proceedings that entail over base costs of utility services that incorporate the pipes and wires using which the service is being delivered and the costs of operation and owning. Here, in this case, the consumer rate structure should endow with rate information on a monthly basis at a different revenue level of class, the likes of, industrial, residential and commercial. The data or information must be provided on a monthly basis for the provision of changes in rate, periodically by revenue class (Mangoyana et al. 2013). Supplier terms of contract: In the context of CGS, the corporate planner ought to draft a contract in keeping with each supply contract. Here, it must be noted that the term of the contract means beginning and end dates of the contract respectively. The monthly volumes, cost of units, and different paying conditions must be maintained by the organization (Head 2014). Capacity of Storage: As far as Citizens Gas Company (CGC) is concerned, the corporate planner should determine the storage capacity of the gas field. This measurement is required to establish the quantity of the gas remains in storage which may be taken back in case of any exigencies to provide supplementary gas supply to other divisions or so (Kim et al. 2012). Priority method: A priority system needs to be established in case the company needs to curtail service to its customers due to an inadequate supply of gas. The corporate planner should be at the helm of affairs which would enable her to prioritize the firms operations in the event of exigencies in operation wherein the supply may have to be curtailed in keeping with a uniform supply of gas in a wide range of area (Khalili Damghani and Tavana 2014). Conclusion: In fine, it may be said that the primary six factors are indispensable for determination of demand for the gas and fuel. The last element or indicator is important which elucidates that whenever the supply is inadequate for meeting the demand of a large scale of consumers all across the geography. It is essential to note that the firm must consider data on a monthly basis since variations happen in the same business environment and domain. Owing to the volatility of the domain in which CGS operates, plans and policies should be flexible in nature to accommodate the emerging changes and alterations on the rather complex business domain and to the host of consumer needs that the firm in consideration caters to. References: Ahlqvist, T., Valovirta, V. and Loikkanen, T., 2012. Innovation policy roadmapping as a systemic instrument for forward-looking policy design. Science and Public Policy, 39(2), pp.178-190. Boie, I., Fernandes, C., Fras, P. and Klobasa, M., 2014. Efficient strategies for the integration of renewable energy into future energy infrastructures in EuropeAn analysis based on transnational modeling and case studies for nine European regions. Energy Policy, 67, pp.170-185. Correa-Henao, G.J., Yusta, J.M. and Lacal-Arntegui, R., 2013. Using interconnected risk maps to assess the threats faced by electricity infrastructures. International Journal of Critical Infrastructure Protection, 6(3), pp.197-216. Diesendorf, M., 2016. STRATEGIES FOR TRANSITION TO A FUTURE BEYOND GROWTH. A Future Beyond Growth: Towards a Steady State Economy, p.223. Dowd, A.M. and Hobman, E., 2013. Mobilizing citizens for a low and clean energy future. Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability, 5(2), pp.191-196. Freeman, J. and Hancock, L., 2016. Energy and Communication Infrastructure for Disaster Resilience in Rural and Regional Australia. Regional Studies, pp.1-13. Gliedt, T. and Hoicka, C.E., 2015. Energy upgrades as financial or strategic investment? Energy Star property owners and managers improving building energy performance. Applied Energy, 147, pp.430-443. Head, B.W., 2014. Evidence, uncertainty, and wicked problems in climate change decision making in Australia. Environment and Planning C: Government and Policy, 32(4), pp.663-679. Khalili Damghani, K. and Tavana, M., 2014. A comprehensive framework for sustainable project portfolio selection based on structural equation modeling. Project Management Journal, 45(2), pp.83-97. Kim, S.A., Shin, D., Choe, Y., Seibert, T. and Walz, S.P., 2012. Integrated energy monitoring and visualization system for Smart Green City development: Designing a spatial information integrated energy monitoring model in the context of massive data management on a web based platform. Automation in Construction, 22, pp.51-59. Mangoyana, R.B., Smith, T.F. and Simpson, R., 2013. A systems approach to evaluating sustainability of biofuel systems. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 25, pp.371-380. Martin, N.J. and Rice, J.L., 2012. Developing renewable energy supply in Queensland, Australia: A study of the barriers, targets, policies and actions. Renewable Energy, 44, pp.119-127. Mohammed, Y.S., Mustafa, M.W. and Bashir, N., 2014. Hybrid renewable energy systems for off-grid electric power: Review of substantial issues. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 35, pp.527-539. Patt, A.G. and Weber, E.U., 2014. Perceptions and communication strategies for the many uncertainties relevant for climate policy. Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Climate Change, 5(2), pp.219-232. Pollitt, M.G., 2012. Lessons from the history of independent system operators in the energy sector. Energy Policy, 47, pp.32-48. Ricard, L.M., 2015. Coping with system failure: Why connectivity matters to innovation policy. In The Evolution of Economic and Innovation Systems (pp. 251-276). Springer International Publishing. Soma, K., Onwezen, M.C., Salverda, I.E. and van Dam, R.I., 2016. Roles of citizens in environmental governance in the Information Agefour theoretical perspectives. Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability, 18, pp.122-130. Tampakis, S., santopoulos, G., Arabatzis, G. and Rerras, I., 2013. Citizens views on various forms of energy and their contribution to the environment. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 20, pp.473-482. Tonts, M. and Taylor, M., 2013. The shifting geography of corporate headquarters in Australia: a longitudinal analysis. Regional Studies, 47(9), pp.1507-1522. Tsokhas, K., 2016. Australia as US Client State: The Geopolitics of De-Democratization and Insecurity. Journal of Contemporary Asia, pp.1-6. Yeo, I.A. and Yee, J.J., 2014. A proposal for a site location planning model of environmentally friendly urban energy supply plants using an environment and energy geographical information system (E-GIS) database (DB) and an artificial neural network (ANN). Applied Energy, 119, pp.99-117. Zhao, Z.Y., Zhao, X.J., Davidson, K. and Zuo, J., 2012. A corporate social responsibility indicator system for construction enterprises. Journal of cleaner production, 29, pp.277-289.

Information Systems

How organizations can gain a strategic advantage with information systems The usefulness of utilizing appropriate information systems (IS) for efficient management is documented. It is worth saying that the advances in the application of advanced IT infrastructure has motivated organizations to develop and adopt I formation Systems (IS) and IT strategies to facilitate the design of business strategies. This process aims at supporting organizational missions and getting them on an edge of advantage over their competitors (Ramanathan, 2009).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Information Systems specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The nature of the contemporary business environment has necessitated that organizations design mechanisms in delivering on their objectives. Studies reveal that information systems have this potential to offer strategic advantages to organizations seeking greater performance. The following are some of the ways through which IS may lend numerous advantages to organizations. Strategic IS helps organizations to gain competitive advantages through contributing toward organizational goals. Organizations can gain from the efficiencies offered by IS strategic placements to substantially increase performance and productivity. A firm that obtains and implement IS systems have the ability to increase productivity and quality in the production processes. Computer applications such as cloud-based data systems have the capacity to reduce costs of IT that account for an increased expenditures of an organizations. The impact of digital economy is enormous and firms should take advantage of the strategic cost-effectiveness of applying relevant IS strategies. Innovation and creativity is critical in delivering intended objectives. Firms can achieve this element by investing heavily in research and development (RD). studies on firms that invested substantial resources in RD recorded steady growth compared to firms that lagged behind in terms of application and use of IS enabled research and development. Organizations can reap from the usefulness of IT infrastructure in reaching a wide market. Supply chains remain the true examples of businesses that have gained profitability through the implementation of the best of breed IS strategies. Similarly, the intention of organizations is to remain a market leader in respect of price, quality and reliability. IS and IT systems have proven successful in leveraging organizations against increased operational costs. Using this intrinsic advantage, organizations can model their pricing structures in order to exercise price leadership. In addition, IS systems have the capacity of assisting firms to reach best quality customers who have the potential of moving firms to higher levels of returns and profitabilityAdvertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Contribution of an IS sourcing strategy toward gaining a strategic advantage Research documents that organizations with strong and efficient IS systems posses within themselves the ability to explore various market fundamentals that remain unexploited by firms with weak or no proper IS infrastructures. IS sourcing has far-reaching influence on a firm’s ability to create competitive advantage over and above its competitors in the industry. Businesses seek to gain competitive intelligence through informational search (Hira Hira, 2008). Informational advantages aim at enabling an organization to gain market knowledge. In ensuring that organizations achieve this goal, the management can adopt strategic IS. When an organization has enough information regarding its customer needs, supplier information, and information about their immediate competitors, they are likely to benefits from informational benefits compared to firm with little information about their respective market elements. Development of efficient and robust information system may be an expensive attempt to get things in place. Therefore, organizations that project to utilize such IS strategies may source IT services from vetted vendors. An excellent example could be the use of vendor-based cloud computing and data warehousing. Research estimates that organizations can cut on operational costs by about 30% with sourced IS systems. This draws from the fact that firms do not incur costs related to maintenance of IS infrastructure, labor and data security costs. Clearly, organizations end up with reduced costs translating to reduced market prices for their products. In this sense, firms implementing outsourced IS have the strategic advantage of modeling lower prices compared to firms that have extended IT costs. In return, firms can achieve to implement cost-leadership strategies capable of resulting in increased market share, image as well as building a strong brand image. Re view of Literature on Offshore IS Outsourcing In today’s business operations, offshore outsourcing has become the most popular form of business information outsourcing. The application of offshore information has Working Papers on Information Systems have the potential in moving organizations to higher levels of strategic business position. The application of IS offshore outsourcing demands a detailed comparison of various capabilities in order to achieve several objective. Firms engaged in offshore forms of outsourcing have the challenge of facing the barriers of language, cultural diversities, and differences in time zones as well as varied organizational cultures (Windle, 2005).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Information Systems specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Studies reveal that the firms using offshore outsourcing in gaining strategic IS experiences changes in the internal arrangements of business departments or units. It is worth noting that engaging in offshore outsourcing means getting together with other firms to overcome the challenges of limited IT and IS elements. Ranganathan Balaji (2007) noted that in the process of acquiring an offshore IT infrastructure, an organization faces the challenges of strategic cultural orientation in order to align itself to the differences in culture (Chaffey, 2002). The end-users of the acquired IS system usually report the problem of working with the offshore team consisting o completely different cultures. Although the utilization of offshore IS has great potential in shifting the productivity of an organization toward a sustainable phase, such an organization should put up structures necessary to cushion itself against the challenges of diversity. Currently, firms have focused on the concept of strategic intelligence through developing plausible informational frameworks. The thinking behind this move has been that organizations wish ing to perform over and above the industry average must gain intelligence of the market in order to safeguard themselves against the vulnerabilities of lack of particular information concerning their operational environment. Ranganathan Balaji (2007) noted that firms might develop though two strategic ways in order to design their organizational capabilities. In a bid to obtain organizational capabilities, a firm may do so through making use of its past outsourcing experiences (Knaus, 2007). Proponents of capability thinking assert that companies that utilize their long-term past experiences have the capacity to outperform their immediate competitors because these set o accumulated experiences wilt be challenging or difficult to model of imitate by other participants in the same industry. On the other hand, capabilities may also be achieved not only through internal modalities but also through deliberate investment through organizational frameworks and routine (King, 1996). In rela ting critical capability thinking and IS offshore outsourcing, significant advantage would be gained though using the past outsourcing experience. It follows that organizations may gain substantially from the extreme importance of their past knowledge and skill with various vendors.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Ranganathan Balaji (2007) illustrates how organizations that used platforms of other firms to build their capacities. Regardless of the approach used, IS executives must be cautious about the necessary tools and resources necessary for creating strategic advantage through outsourcing. Distinct and specific advantages can be sought after by skillful analysis of the available vendors whose market positioning can help to yield multiple advantages. Although strategic outsourcing via offshore outsourcing has proven advantageous over a long period, studies have displayed challenges associated with this kind of IS sourcing. In his studies, Windle (2005) explores some of the potential problems that might accompany offshore outsourcing. He notes that often, firms that used this form experienced routine disruptions in general workflow, thus bringing about operational inefficiencies. Besides creating routine disruption to the organizational work practices, end users also experienced problem a rising from the operational problems. In a separate study conducted by Callon (1996), firms utilizing offshore outsourcing to gain strategic advantage inevitably faced problems of layoffs and imbalance in staff functions. Problems associated with sourcing for experienced staff to serve in foreign subsidiaries due to strategic partnership with offshore vendors afford numerous challenges (Hemmatfar, Salehi Bayat, 2010). A research conducted by Ahlemann (2009) reveals that firms that excel in offshore outsourcing have the capacity to design and advance high-level strategic processes. In this study to explore the relevance of strategic thinking, Ahlemann (2009) attempt to designate the concept of capability, as a systematic thinking on the facets of IS offshore. This systematic process involves the ability to identify relevant and plausible items in offshore outsourcing and assessment of the existing state of a firm in order to establish an appropriate route toward transition. Systemat ic thinking enables firms to routinely explore their connections and the desired strategic IS elements to formulate the most appropriate responses to the outsourcing needs (Sarker Sarker, 2009). The most important element of offshore outsourcing is systematic thinking aimed at ensuring that only applicable components applied in a bid to discover sustainable strategies (Callon, 1996; Lacity Rottman, 2008). Relationship Governance- it refers to the process of managing the relationship between the offshore vendor company and the firm seeking strategic offshore services. Usually managers from both ends must be willing to examine themselves against the contractual relationship sought after in order to realize a proper position without limiting the organization’s operational elements such as key success factors (CSFs), professional values, and organizational values and culture. Problems set in where organizations failed to manage relationships leading to the creation of the offsh ore alliances. In a study conducted to investigate the successful application of offshore management strategies, Hemmatfar, Salehi Bayat (2010) found that less effective firms in coordinating failed to invest adequately in the off-shoring structures and routines. A case in example is the MarketCo, which failed to invest in offshore structures due to inappropriate governance structures. Although creating a comprehensive contract schema can offer the best relationship protection mechanisms, studies show that the inability to unite this element with proper and appropriate Discussion of managerial challenges The process of attaining the strategic business advantage through establishing a plausible IS strategy remains a he challenge to most management in various organizations (Torkzadeh King, 2008). Although the application of IS systems and strategies have demonstrated to serve organizations, some firms have failed to benefit from their eminent advantages. Challenges of implementation of the relevant IS strategies range from choice of proper strategies that suit the conditions of the firm. Additionally, firms face the challenges of resistance to change as evidenced by lack of flexible organizational cultures. Firms that lag behind in terms of designing a sustainable set of organizational core values may be vulnerable to challenges of ineffective implementation of IS strategies (Canadian Institute of Chartered Accountants, 2003) Inclusion in the entire process of seeking up to outsourcing offshore services demands that managers remain actively engaged. Studies on offshore outsourcing have documented that organizations whose managers remained reserved during the offshoring-experienced problems of managing relationships with the external vendor businesses (Blokdijk, 2008). Irregular meeting, uncoordinated strategies led to poor outcomes due to tendencies of withdrawing executive attention from the processes of off-shoring (Chaffey, 2002). Challenges of human resour ce management continue to face most firms trying to access global offshore vendor services. Since diversity among firms is eminent, firms must employ specialized tools such as software configuration management and collaboration tools to efficiently coordinate and distribute resources (Torkzadeh King, 2008). Managerial executives encounter challenges of identifying, acquiring, and deploying necessary HR capacities to manage internal and offshore utilities. Therefore, the management of an outsourcing firm should incorporate all the staff in the process of outsourcing to achieve unity of purpose. Cultural divert as a basic concept in business outsourcing can challenge the stability of an outsourcing as well as the outsourced firm. Both entities must compromise on their strict organizational cultures in order t appeal to the desirable mix of cultures gained from the strategic partnership. References Ahlemann, F., 2009. Towards a conceptual reference model for project management informa tion systems. International Journal of Project Management, 27(1), pp.19-30. Blokdijk, G., 2008. Outsourcing 100 Success Secrets: 100 Most Asked Questions: The Missing IT, Business Process, Call Center, Hr -Outsourcing to India, China and More Guide. London: Lulu.com. Callon, J.D., 1996. Competitive Advantage through Information Technology. New York: McGraw Hill, USA. Canadian Institute of Chartered Accountants., 2003. Information Technology Outsourcing. Web. Chaffey, D., 2002. E-business and E-C management. England: Prentice-Hall. Hemmatfar, M., Salehi, M., Bayat, M. (2010). Competitive Advantages and Strategic Information Systems. International Journal of Business and Management, 5(7), pp.1-11 Hira, R., Hira, A., 2008. Outsourcing America: the true cost of shipping jobs overseas and what can be done about it. New York, NY: AMACOM Div American Mgmt Assn. King, W.R., 1996. Achieving global strategic advantage. Information Systems Management, 13 (4), p. 57. Knaus, M. , 2007. Macro E conomic Issues of Offshore Outsourcing. New York, NY: GRIN Verlag. Lacity, M.C., Rottman, J., 2008. Offshore outsourcing of IT work Electronic book: client and supplier perspectives. New York, NY: Palgrave Macmillan. Ramanathan, T.R., 2009. The Role of Organisational Change Management in Offshore Outsourcing of Information Technology Services: Qualitative Case Studies from a Multinational Pharmaceutical Company. Washingto, DC: Universal-Publishers. Ranganathan, C., Balaji, S., 2007. Critical Capabilities for Offshore Outsourcing of Information Systems. Working Papers on Information Systems. Sarker, S., Sarker, S., 2009. Exploring Agility in Distributed Information Systems Development Teams: An Interpretive Study in an Offshoring Context.Information Systems Research, 20(3), pp. 440- 461. Torkzadeh, G., King, W.R., 2008. Information Systems Off shoring: Research Status and Issues, MIS Quarterly, 32 (2), pp. 205- 225. Windle, L.P., 2005. Successful Strategic Outsourcing. Retrieved from https://www.facilitiesnet.com/equipmentrentaltools/article.aspx?id=2860 This essay on Information Systems was written and submitted by user Camilo F. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

nano-technology essays

nano-technology essays One of the big problems not fully appreciated with current ideas in nano technology research is the energy requirement for the development of shuttles and using it to carry the bots to other planets. First of all, the design of the shuttle would have to be very intricate because it would have to be able to manage to intense cold since it has to travel farther and farther away from the sun. And as for the probes that are going to build a base for colonization, it requires a new type of energy unlike solar power because as it travels farther, there would not be enough solar energy to make the bots function. Battery-charged energy would also fail because the probes are designed to stay on the planet long enough to build the base. A new type of energy that the group created is some type of regenerative energy that is built inside the probes. This allows the probes the period of time to build the base. Another requirement or idea that is needed for our invention that is not present in the world today is some sort of advanced satellite transmission. Since the probes have to travel very far, it has to be able to transmit information that is collected from its exploration on the planets. The present technology does not allow satellite transmission, for example, in Pluto. That is the reason why we need new and improved satellites. Another method is to place better satellites that are able to withstand extreme weather changes, between the planets in intervals. For example, we would position a satellite at Saturn and one near the Earth. The probe would be able to send information from Pluto to the satellite near Saturn. Then the satellite would transmit the info to the satellite located near Earth. ...

Nationality Immigration and Asylum Law Case Study

Nationality Immigration and Asylum Law - Case Study Example There are two possible avenues that Joshua can take, which is to apply for a straightforward work visa or apply through the Highly Skilled Immigrant Programme. The advantages and disadvantages of both programmes will be explored; as well as the eligibility of Joshua. 1) The position that is sought must be at an NVQ level or higher, i.e. a skilled work position. Also if the person is applying for a professional position the individual must be registered with the applicable governing body of that profession. 2) The educational level that the individual holds must meet the required skills of the job at a NVQ level 3 or higher OR the individual must hold the relevant experience that the UK educational bodies would apply to the individual's work experience. The work permit approvable educational experience are as follows: 3) In addition to the work permit if Joshua wants to remain more than six months he must apply for UK Entry Clearance, as he is looking for a possible change and move towards the UK this may be a requirement. If Joshua wants to make an informed decision in whether he wants to remain to work in the UK he probably will want to apply for UK Entry Clearance, especially when most work visas are between 1 and 5 years. UK Entry Clearance is just indication on the individual's passport the reason for staying in the UK 4) The position that is being applied for has to be advertised, unless it is a designated shortage occupation by the UK government and a work visa is easily approved as long as all other criteria are complied with. On the other hand, if it is a non-shortage area then the employer prior to hiring Joshua has to illustrate an attempt to employ from within the EEA workforce. This means it is a lot easier for Joshua to apply for a work visa within the UK after being accepted by a company here that has complied with the Immigration Directorate's guidelines if it is in an area where there are no shortages in the UK. 5) Finally, Joshua will be able to have his wife and child enter the UK with him as long as he can prove that they are still co-habiting together. The main problem with taking this approach is that Joshua will have to extend his visa every time that it expires and will the have to take the avenue of further leave to remain; however as EU law states this applicable continuously after a one year's continuous employment has occurred1. Therefore these provisions will have to be explored if Joshua and his family decide to reside in the UK. This means that Joshua will have to apply for indefinite leave to remain after 5 continuous years of work permits, after this time he can apply for indefinite leave. In this time Joshua has to ensure that he stays in good standing with the British Government and does not commit an imprisonable offence otherwise he can be deported effective immediately2. The second avenue that Joshua can take is as a highly skilled migrant, which means this sets him for living in the UK indefinitely. This will make the transition if he

Financial Project Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Financial Project - Research Paper Example Identify the highest interest rate you could refinance at in order to pay the current balance in 20 years. Determine the interest rate that would require a monthly total payment that is less than your current total payment. In addition, refinancing costs you $2000 up-front in closing costs. Therefore, the highest interest rate that would result in less than the current loan repayments would be 4.50%, where the monthly total will amount paid towards the loan, and the principal will be $695.08, which is less than the current $706.12. However, the closing costs of $2,000 upfront may weigh on the ability to get into a refinancing agreement deal. In order to answer this, you need to look at different interest rates. Know that if you refinance, your minimum monthly payments will be based on a 30-year loan (though you still want to be done in 20 years). Also, refinancing costs you a couple of thousand dollars up front in closing costs. Refinancing this loan has two obvious downsides: the repayment period will increase, and extra expenses will be incurred in terms of closing costs. However, the refinancing will lower the monthly repayment amounts by at least $68.79. For a person in a poor credit position due to the demands of the current loan repayments, the refinancing would be a welcome relief to boost this credit

Feminine and Ethics of Care and Virtue Ethics Assignment

Feminine and Ethics of Care and Virtue Ethics - Assignment Example One of the main differences between ethics of care and virtue ethics is that they have a distinct assumption on what makes a right from an individual. This implies that their judgment of the moral character varies.   Virtue ethics theories assume that the roles of character and virtue in moral philosophy is important than doing one's duty to bring a positive impact.   These theorists also believe in virtues such as courage, self-control, generosity, honesty that keeps them going and overcoming daily challenges. On the other hand, ethics of care theorists are concerned with what makes an action right or wrong they do not only apply just and autonomy . They emphasize the importance of response as opposed to what is just argued by other theories.There are many advantages of determining and selecting moral action as virtue ethics provide. For example, the proponents of virtue ethics believe that a virtuous person has the ideal character traits that they apply in every situation and d rive their natural internal tendencies ones they are nurtured. It is because of this that people, families care for their loved ones by socializing them to the expectation of the society. Similarly, those who select virtue ethics have a good reasoning and have good plans. They also apply their common sense intuition that others admire o they apply them. Moreover, they do not only apply just and autonomy but to encompass traits that may include caring and nurturing others to walk the path that leads to prosperity.

Relationship Between Doubt And Knowledge Philosophy Essay

Relationship Between Doubt And Knowledge Philosophy Essay Doubt is the key to knowledge (Persian Proverb). To what extent is this true in two areas of knowledge? Some definitions of doubt emphasize the state in which the mind remains suspended between two contradictory propositions and unable to assent to either of them. Doubt makes us aware and allows us to assess the reliability of the source of knowledge we are using. Doubt brings into question some notion of a perceived reality, and may involve delaying or rejecting relevant action out of concerns for mistakes or faults or appropriateness. The concept of doubt covers a range of phenomena: one can characterize both deliberate questioning of uncertainties and an emotional state of indecision as doubt. Doubt could be the key to knowledge but till it doesnt make the person reject everything he discovers. For example, if I doubt that I am going to flunk in IB then it is not a serious key to knowledge. If this motivates you and makes you study like mad then it is. If it discourages you then it is not. So, doubt is only a key to knowledge under certain circumstances. Moreover, there is always the danger of skepticism, that endless tendency to doubt and question. Regarding to skepticism and doubt it should be mentioned that regarding to Cartesian skepticism there is an aim to eliminate every belief that could be doubted and so Descartes keeps only the basic beliefs from which he will gain further knowledge. So doubt is the key to knowledge under certain circumstances. Doubt makes us aware and allows us to assess reliability of the source of knowledge we are using. In Science this means questioning things (attempt to falsify). Every discovery begins with a point for doubt. We see and perceive the world with the help of our senses but we dont know what is real. Natural Sciences are a quite reliable body of human knowledge, exactly because it is based on experiments and proof and has at its base the scientific method. In order to test the doubts and lead to a conclusion we follow a scientific method. First of all we ask a question which is associated with the doubt that we have and want to investigate. Then we evaluate information and so we are led to form a hypothesis. After that, we test our hypothesis with the help of an experiment in order to justify our doubt or not. In the end we observe what happened in the experiment and we draw a conclusion by either justifying our doubt or rejecting it. Avogadro, who was a scientist having studied mathemati cs and science, proposed his now famous hypothesis that equal volumes of gases, at the same temperature and pressure, contain equal numbers of molecules   and made the distinction between atoms and molecules, which today seems clear. However, Dalton rejected Avogadros hypothesis because Dalton believed that atoms of the same kind could not combine. Since it was believed that atoms were held together by an electrical force, only unlike atoms would be attracted together, and like atoms should repel. Therefore it seemed impossible for a molecule of oxygen, O2, to exist. Avogadros work, even if it was read appears not to have been understood, and was pushed into the dark recesses of chemistry libraries and ignored. In Science we can never be 100% confident in our results because during investigations many errors can occur and thats why doubting is legitimate in science. There might be some possible errors in the application of the scientific method (errors due to instruments, biases, problems of deduction/induction) which may lead to a weird result of an experiment and this would be confirmed by repeating the experimental procedure. A personal example is that in Chemistry class we had to observe water transport in a celery stalk. Due to a mistake in the method that we followed (we didnt stop the timer in the right time but later) the results came out to be strange and wrong. So, we had to repeat the investigation in order to be more accurate with time and therefore gain the results that we expect. In an IB Biology class the aim of the investigation was to see whether there is an effect of varying concentration of a certain sugar solution on the amount of osmotic activity between the solution and a potato chip of given size or not. So, we followed a certain method and then we proved that our doubt, which was that the lower concentration of the sugar solution in the beaker the larger the mass of the potato will be, was justified. This is a hypothesis not a doubt. It looks like a doubt though. This example makes us understand the fact that we cannot reach a point where everything important in a scientific sense is known because through the doubts we investigate and find everyday new things that provide us knowledge. All the above points are associated with theories that are provisional. Provisional theories are theories that are accepted until we reach a point where we reject them. What leads us to the point of rejection is doubt. Moreover, it should be mentioned that similar to provisional theories is falsification. Falsification is again based on doubt. Falsification includes theories that are provisional and need justifications and evidence in order to prove the doubt or not. At that point it should be mentioned an example of Paradigm shift which means that some established theories that were doubted have been revised. Paradigm shift is a term used by Thomas Kuhn to describe a change in basic assumptions within the ruling theory of science. An application of Paradigm shift can be seen in the natural sciences and is the acceptance of Charles Darwins theory of natural selection replaced Lamarckism as the mechanism for evolution. Gregory Mendel, before he demonstrated the whole issue for monohybrid crosses he doubted it and made a falsification. His theory was seen as a provisional explanation but after he gained evidence by crossing varieties of pea plants which had different characteristics, he demonstrated his theory which is left in the history of science as Mendels Monohybrid Crosses. In conclusion for one more time this example shows that doubt is the key to knowledge. In Mathematics like in other subjects, we built on things that we previously learned or proved. We built on axioms which are self-evident statements. We take axioms without question and from these we can use the rules of logic to work out problems. An example of an axiom is that, an odd number is a number which can be written as 2n + 1, where n is a whole number. We could not gain knowledge if we have doubt on a fundamental assumption. On the contrary some theorists believe that having no doubt can lead to error in some cases. They believe that a little sense of doubt can mean that someone is open-minded and can gain further knowledge. But in pure mathematics, everything (logic, axioms, mathematical structureà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦) is within the laws and conventions. Everything is deductively reasoned, and once something is proved, it is true no matter that space and time. Therefore, doubt in mathematics is not necessarily the key to knowledge. But again sometimes depends on how we define doubt. If we for example doubt that something in mathematics missing and trying to find it, we will certainly bring the development of the knowledge. One such example is Godels Incompleteness Theorem. Kurt Gà ¶del is most famous for his second incompleteness theorem, and many people are unaware that, important as it was and is within the field of mathematical logic and beyond, this result is only the middle movement, so to speak, of a metamathematical symphony of results stretching from 1929 through 1937. These results are: the Completeness Theorem; the First and Second Incompleteness Theorems; and the consistency of the Generalized Continuum Hypothesis (GCH) and the Axiom of Choice (AC) with the other axioms of Zermelo-Fraenkel set theory. The first incompleteness theorem states that no consistent system of axioms whose theorems can be listed by an effective procedure (essentially, a computer program) is capable of proving all facts about the natural numbers. For any such system, there will always be statements about the natural numbers that are true, but that are improvable within the system. The second incompleteness theorem s hows that if such a system is also capable of proving certain basic facts about the natural numbers, then one particular arithmetic truth the system cannot prove is the consistency of the system itself. Pythagoras theorem based on trigonometry was firstly demonstrated by Euclidis, a famous mathematician in Ancient Greece but because of his sudden death another couple doubted about the context of the theorem and therefore they reconstructed his theory centuries after his death. This example shows us that doubt is the key to knowledge since the couple guided by their doubt continued the theory and therefore expanded the mathematical knowledge. Cartesian doubt is methodological. Its purpose is to use doubt as a route to certain knowledge by finding those things which could not be doubted.] The fallibility of sense data in particular is a subject of Cartesian doubt. There is a debate on whether doubt in Ethics can or cannot be a key to knowledge. Critic and doubt in ethics examine our decisions in our everyday life and our actions from private and personal to public and political. Sometimes doubt in ethics tries to provide us with a guide for moral decisions and generally choices. Ethical axioms are tested not very differently to the axioms of science. Truth is what stands the test of time. As an example, let us suppose that abortion on demand is wrong. We want to collect relevant evidence and information to test whether our belief is reasonable and valid. One way to justify our belief is to say that abortion is wrong because abortion is murder and so murder is wrong too. Of course I should demonstrate the truth of the fact that abortion and murder are wrong and therefore to suggest that abortion which is wrong is true because the baby is alive and murder occurs since the life is taken unnecessarily. The philosopher Kant has worked with Ethics and doubt and has claimed that in order to judge an act, we should first consider what principle governs the act and to imagine what would happen if someone obeyed the principle. Kant also suggests that we judge on whether the act is good not by seeing if it produced good effects but by seeing if a consistent world is produced. Moreover another point that should be mentioned on ethics and doubt is the ethical theories. Philosophers came up with theories that help a person to define morally right behaviors. One such theory is the Deontological theory which says that people have a duty to refrain from actions that this duty will be determined by the nature of the action itself, therefore individuals should perform their duties regardless of the consequences, individuals have a duty to refrain from bad behavior and the bad behavior will be determined by the nature of the action. This theory can be applied to real-life situations where individu als have the option of doing right or wrong. The individuals should refrain from the bad behavior no matter which the consequences are. In both areas of knowledge we justify the fact that doubt is not always the key to knowledge. Actually in the second area of knowledge (mathematics), we observed that doubt can be a key to knowledge regarding to the definition that we give to doubt as a word. Therefore the starting statement of the essay, whether doubt is the key to knowledge is right but it should also be added under certain circumstances. What we would do overall is first of all not to doubt everything around us because on the one hand we gain knowledge from doubt but on the other hand, some things are deductively reasoning and once they have been proved, they are true for all time regardless of space and time. Word Count:2.079

The Assassination of John Fitzgerald Kennedy :: JFK Assassination American Presidents Essays

The Assassination of John Fitzgerald Kennedy THE ASSASSINATION of John Fitzgerald Kennedy on November 22, 1963, was a cruel and shocking act of violence directed against a man, a family, a nation, and against all mankind. A young and vigorous leader whose years of public and private life stretched before him was the Victim of the fourth Presidential assassination in the history of a country dedicated to the concepts of reasoned argument and peaceful political change. This Commission was created on November 29, 1963, in recognition of the right of people everywhere to full and truthful knowledge concerning these events. This report endeavors to fulfill that right and to appraise this tragedy by the light of reason and the standard of fairness. It has been prepared with a deep awareness of the Commission's responsibility to present to the American people an objective report of the facts relating to the assassination. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Narrative of Events At 11:40 a.m., c.s.t., on Friday, November '22, 1963, President John F. Kennedy, Mrs. Kennedy, and their party arrived at Love Field, Dallas, Tex. Behind them was the first day of a Texas trip planned 5 months before by the President, Vice President Lyndon B. Johnson, and John B. Connally, Jr., Governor of Texas. After leaving the White House on Thursday morning, the President had flown initially to San Antonio where Vice President Lyndon B. Johnson joined the party and the President dedicated new research facilities at the U.S. Air Force School of Aerospace Medicine. Following a testimonial dinner in Houston for U.S. Representative Albert Thomas, the President flew to Fort Worth where he spent the night and spoke at a large breakfast gathering on Friday. Planned for later that day were a motorcade through downtown Dallas, a luncheon speech at the Trade Mart, and a flight to Austin where the President would attend a reception and speak at a Democratic fundraising dinner. From Austin he would proceed to the Texas ranch of the Vice President. Evident on this trip were the varied roles which an American President performs--Head of State, Chief Executive, party leader, and, in this instance, prospective candidate for reelection. The Dallas motorcade, it was hoped, would evoke a demonstration of the President's personal popularity in a city which he had lost in the 1960 election. Once it had been decided that the trip to Texas would span 2 days, those responsible for planning, primarily Governor Connally and Kenneth O'Donnell, a special assistant to the President, agreed that a motorcade through Dallas would be desirable.

Rise of Totalitarianism

At the end of World War I, totalitarianism began to rise. To keep the countries at peace they created The League Of Nations. It did not execute its duties well, and failed to enforce treaties, and prevent invasions. At the end of the war France designed the Treaty of Versailles to punish Germany, and it caused many problems in Germany. The rise of totalitarianism could have been stopped if, the Treaty of Versailles was not as severe, the League of Nations was more effective, and had their not been an economic downfall.The Treaty of Versailles had some harsh regulations. This treaty stated Germany had to pay high reparations, take the blame for the war, have land taken from them, have their military reduced, and League of Nations taking over seas colonies. If it was not for this treaty Germany would not have had the rise of Nazism. The main goal of Nazism was to reunite the German speaking people and they could not do that if all the German speaking countries were spilt up. Alsace Lor raine was taken from Germany and given back to France.Other countries were stripped from Germany and were given to Poland, Belgium, Czechoslovakia, Denmark, and some made independent countries showing self-determination. All this did was anger the German people, because they blame the signing of the treaty on the people known as the â€Å"November Criminals†. The Weimar Republic did not know who to blame for the defeat and faced many problems similar to that. Revolts let out and so did street gangs. Horrible inflation happened due to the high reparations in the 1920s. This caused many German citizens to have very little hope in the government.Hitler came into power by gaining control of the Nazi Party and got support for finding blame for the war. Hitler blamed the Jews for Germany’s loss in World War I and the economic downfall. In the 1930s Hitler started to use communism uprising as a threat to gain power. He went against the other political parties and set up a fas cist totalitarian state in Germany based on the ideas of Stalin and Mussolini. Each regulation of this treaty led to each event in Germany causing the rise of Hitler and the Nazi party. The League of Nations came along after World War I.The point of the League  was to make sure a war was never to break out again, and keep world peace stabilized. All the countries counted on the League to bring stability into the world. They did not want another disaster to happen, and to avoid this they created an international body whose sole purpose was to maintain world peace. One major problem was this was created when the United States was in isolationism; this meant that the US was not a part of the League. As America was the one of the world’s most powerful country this was a major weakness in the League of Nations. Germany was also not in the League due to the Treaty of Versailles.One of their punishments was not being considered a part of the international community. In 1917 Russia was not allowed to join the League also. Mainly due to the communist government in Russia. This league was lacking powerful countries and that was a big deal if they wanted international peace. The League of Nations did not have an army, therefore, how are they supposed to reinforce the Treaty of Versailles and the peace between countries. The League of Nations would have worked if it was more organized. It also could have prevented the rise of Hitler when everything went bad in Germany.Hitler refused to pay the reparations when he came into power and the League of Nations could not have done anything about it because they had no army. If the League was more organized it could have stop the rise of totalitarianism. Germany was unable to pay was reparations. They had terrible inflation, and their currency became worthless. France was aware of the high reparation costs putting Germany into a great depression. Things got better in Germany for a little until the stock market crashes in 1929 known as Black Tuesday and put Germany back into an economic crisis.This all lead to the overthrow of the government starting with the Freikorps. In 1920 the Freikorps attempted to overthrow the Weimar Republic and tried to blame the communist for it. Germany was in horrible shape with its economy and they would try anything to get out of it. Hitler actually had his reason for this economic crisis it was blaming the Jews. Any sort of way out the German people went along with because they were desperate for help. Hitler banned strikes, placed strict controls on wages and prices to end unemployment and try to improve the economy.He violated the treaty by increasing the military to help unemployment. The League had nothing to stop this so had to let it go by. Germany going into the great depression due to these high reparations is what caused the German people to become desperate and look toward anyone for help. They choose Hitler to listen to and he turns Germany into a fascist totalitarian state. Some countries in Europe during the 1920s were falling apart, and need help desperately. Totalitarian leaders are what these countries came to with Hitler, Stalin, Mussolini, and Mao.The League of Nations was created to stabilize the world and bring peace. But the League had nothing to back it up except for their own word. These European countries economies were crashing, and Germany was in an economic crisis. The German people had to turn to a totalitarian leader to get out of it. Hitler got those jobs and helped the unemployment rate. Totalitarianism could have been stop if the Treaty of Versailles was not as harsh, the League of Nations was put together better, and if the economy had not turn terribly.